Django Cachalot

Caches your Django ORM queries and automatically invalidates them.

Documentation: http://django-cachalot.readthedocs.io

Table of Contents:

Quickstart
Usage
Hacking
Benchmark
Third-Party Cache Comparison
Discussion

Quickstart

Cachalot officially supports Python 3.7-3.11 and Django 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1 with the databases PostgreSQL, SQLite, and MySQL.

Note: an upper limit on Django version is set for your safety. Please do not ignore it.

Usage

pip install django-cachalot
Add 'cachalot', to your INSTALLED_APPS
If you use multiple servers with a common cache server, double check their clock synchronisation
If you modify data outside Django -- typically after restoring a SQL database --, use the manage.py command
Be aware of the few other limits
If you use django-debug-toolbar, you can add 'cachalot.panels.CachalotPanel', to your DEBUG_TOOLBAR_PANELS
Enjoy!

Hacking

To start developing, install the requirements and run the tests via tox.

Make sure you have the following services:

Memcached
Redis
PostgreSQL
MySQL

For setup:

Install: pip install -r requirements/hacking.txt
For PostgreSQL: CREATE ROLE cachalot LOGIN SUPERUSER;
Run: tox --current-env to run the test suite on your current Python version.
You can also run specific databases and Django versions: tox -e py38-django3.1-postgresql-redis

Benchmark

Currently, benchmarks are supported on Linux and Mac/Darwin. You will need a database called \"cachalot\" on MySQL and PostgreSQL. Additionally, on PostgreSQL, you will need to create a role called \"cachalot.\" You can also run the benchmark, and it\'ll raise errors with specific instructions for how to fix it.

Install: pip install -r requirements/benchmark.txt
Run: python benchmark.py

The output will be in benchmark/TODAY\'S_DATE/

TODO Create Docker-compose file to allow for easier running of data.

Third-Party Cache Comparison

There are three main third party caches: cachalot, cache-machine, and cache-ops. Which do you use? We suggest a mix:

TL;DR Use cachalot for cold or modified \<50 times per minutes (Most people should stick with only cachalot since you most likely won\'t need to scale to the point of needing cache-machine added to the bowl). If you\'re an enterprise that already has huge statistics, then mixing cold caches for cachalot and your hot caches with cache-machine is the best mix. However, when performing joins with select_related and prefetch_related, you can get a nearly 100x speed up for your initial deployment.

Recall, cachalot caches THE ENTIRE TABLE. That\'s where its inefficiency stems from: if you keep updating the records, then the cachalot constantly invalidates the table and re-caches. Luckily caching is very efficient, it\'s just the cache invalidation part that kills all our systems. Look at Note 1 below to see how Reddit deals with it.

Cachalot is more-or-less intended for cold caches or \"just-right\" conditions. If you find a partition library for Django (also authored but work-in-progress by Andrew Chen Wang), then the caching will work better since sharding the cold/accessed-the-least records aren\'t invalidated as much.

Cachalot is good when there are \<50 modifications per minute on a hot cached table. This is mostly due to cache invalidation. It\'s the same with any cache, which is why we suggest you use cache-machine for hot caches. Cache-machine caches individual objects, taking up more in the memory store but invalidates those individual objects instead of the entire table like cachalot.

Yes, the bane of our entire existence lies in cache invalidation and naming variables. Why does cachalot suck when stuck with a huge table that\'s modified rapidly? Since you\'ve mixed your cold (90% of) with your hot (10% of) records, you\'re caching and invalidating an entire table. It\'s like trying to boil 1 ton of noodles inside ONE pot instead of 100 pots boiling 1 ton of noodles. Which is more efficient? The splitting up of them.

Note 1: My personal experience with caches stems from Reddit\'s: https://web.archive.org/web/20210803213621/https://redditblog.com/2017/01/17/caching-at-reddit/

Note 2: Technical comparison: https://django-cachalot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction.html#comparison-with-similar-tools

Discussion

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